PART I
Foundation of Antitrust Law
CHAPTER 1
The Principal United States Antitrust Laws
§1.01 The Basic Statutes
§1.02 The Antitrust Laws as an Interlocking Whole
CHAPTER 2
The Marketplace: Guiding Image of Antitrust
§2.01 The Open Marketplace as a Model
§2.02 Antitrust: Obsolete?
[1] Goals
[2] Changing Background
[3] Challenges to Traditional Antitrust Theories
[4] Quick Look Rule of Reason
[5] Use of Existing Law and Interpretation
[6] Markets in the New Century
PART II
Market Power
CHAPTER 3
Monopolization Power
§3.01 Overview
§3.02 Monopoly Power
[1] Market Definition
[2] Market Power
[3] Attempted Monopolization
§3.03 Types of Exclusionary Conduct
[1] Predatory Pricing
[2] Tying Arrangements
§3.04 Monopolization of Aftermarkets
§3.05 Technological Innovation
§3.06 Barriers to Market Entry
CHAPTER 4
Section 7 of the Clayton Act
§4.01 The “Anti-Merger” Law
§4.02 Premerger Notification
§4.03 Joint Ventures
§4.04 Directions of Development in a Technological Economy
[1] Relevance of Quick Look Rule of Reason—Including Potential Impact on Leveraged Buyouts
[2] Importance of Internal Structure: Open or Closed?
[3] Relevance of R&D and Innovation
[4] Impact on Jobs and Employer-Employee Relationships?
§4.05 Long Range Prospects
[1] Dedication of Assets to Long Term Profitability
[2] Premerger Notification Tourniquet
[3] Public Perceptions of Insider Trading
CHAPTER 5
The Social and Economic Role of Litigation Concerning Market Power
§5.01 Introduction
§5.02 Relevance of Promotion of Alternatives
§5.03 Impact of Stress on Productivity
§5.04 Law and Economics and the Twenty-First Century
[1] Importance of Law and Economics
[2] Areas of Agreement
[3] Need for Flexibility
§5.05 Consumer Protection and Competition
[1] Antitrust Implications of Consumer Abuse
[2] Deceptions
[3] Other Sources of Distortion
[4] Procedural Obstacles
[5] Bureaucratic Obstacles to Effective Consumer Protection
[6] Opportunities for Collaboration
[7] Protection of Consumers in the Twenty-First Century
PART III
Exercise of Power
CHAPTER 6
An Overview of the Exercise of Power
§6.01 Basic Principles
[1] The Changing Political Economy of Power
[2] Economic Instability and Antitrust Policy
[3] Banking and Antitrust Objectives
[4] The Importance of Integrity in Government
[5] Limitation of Triple Damages
[6] Alternate Dispute Resolution
[7] Consumers and Antitrust Objectives
[8] Agriculture and Antitrust Law
[9] Small or New Enterprises
[10] Long-Run Challenges
§6.02 An Illustrative Example
CHAPTER 7
Horizontal Price Fixing and Allocation of Territories or Customers
§7.01 The General Prohibition
§7.02 Parallel Conduct
[1] The Oligopoly Problem
[2] From Theatre Enterprises to Matsushita and the “Plus Factors“ Regime
[3] Post-Twombly Pleading Requirements
CHAPTER 8
Vertical Combinations
§8.01 Introduction
§8.02 Resale Price Maintenance
[1] Definitions of Resale Price Maintenance
[2] Basic Legal Status of RPM: Abrogation of Per Se Rule
[3] Legislative and Executive Treatment of Per Se Rule
[4] Cycles of Attitudes
[5] Historical Limitations of the Former Per Se Rule
[6] Effective Deterrence of RPM
[7] Sources of Litigation
[8] Maximum Resale Price Maintenance
[9] Criminal Prosecutions
§8.03 Customer and Territorial Restrictions
§8.04 Dual Distribution Systems
§8.05 Options and Risks
CHAPTER 9
Leverage
§9.01 The Leverage Concept
§9.02 Tying Arrangements
§9.03 Reciprocity
§9.04 Full-Line-Forcing
§9.05 Specific Contexts: Shopping Center Leases and Mobile Homes
§9.06 Requirements Contracts
CHAPTER 10
Price Discrimination Under The Robinson-Patman Act
§10.01 The Basic Prohibition
§10.02 Meeting Competition and Cost Justification Defenses
§10.03 Basis for More Expansive Construction of Defenses
§10.04 Areas for Expansion of the Cost Justification Defense
§10.05 Delivery Costs
§10.06 Long-Term Purchases
§10.07 Non-Comparability of Spot Sales with Sales for Future Delivery
§10.08 The “Bigger Box of Wheaties” Discount
§10.09 Good Faith Cost Justification
§10.10 Injury and Damage
§10.11 Buyer Liability
§10.12
Per Se Provisions
§10.13 Other Terms of Sale
CHAPTER 11
Franchising and Dealer Relationships
§11.01 Basic Principles
§11.02 Role of Sales Representatives
§11.03 Deceptive Practices and the Securities Laws
§11.04 [Reserved]
§11.05 The Role of Cooperative Advertising
§11.06 Exclusive Distribution
CHAPTER 12
Interlocking Relationships
§12.01 Section 8 of the Clayton Act
§12.02 Indirect Interlocks Involving Common Suppliers